Linux & Unix (Ubuntu,Debian,RedHat,Centos)

Principles of Network and System Administration,

What is network and systemadministration?,
Applying technology in an environment,
The human role in systems,
Ethical issues,
Is systemadministration a discipline?,
the challenges of systemadministration,
Common practice and good practice,
Bugs and emergent phenomena ,
Themeta principles of systemadministration ,
Knowledge is a jigsaw puzzle,
To the student ,
Some road-maps

Linux Init Processes

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The Linux Init Processes:

The init process is the last step in the boot procedure and identified by process id “1”. Init is responsible for starting system processes as defined in the /etc/inittab file. Init typically will start multiple instances of “getty” which waits for console logins which spawn one’s user shell process. Upon shutdown, init controls the sequence and processes for shutdown. The init process is never shut down. It is a user process and not a kernel system process although it does run as root.

System Processes:

Process ID Description
0 The Scheduler
1 The init process
2 kflushd
3 kupdate
4 kpiod
5 kswapd
6 mdrecoveryd

Network Filesystems

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NFS Sun’s Network Filesystem (NFS) is the preferred method of file sharing for networks of Unix or Linux computers. The Linux kernel includes both NFS client support

Coda This is an advanced network filesystem that supports features omitted from NFS. These features include better security (including encryption) and improved caching.

SMB/CIFS The Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, which has been renamed the Core Internet Filesystem (CIFS), is the usual means of network file sharing among Microsoft OSs. The Linux kernel includes SMB/CIFS client support, so you can mount SMB/CIFS shares. You can configure your Linux computer as an SMB/CIFS server using the Samba package (http://www.samba.org). The filesystem type code for SMB/CIFS shares is smbfs.

NCP The NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) is NetWare’s file sharing protocol. As with SMB/CIFS, Linux includes basic NCP client support in the kernel, and you can add separate server packages to turn Linux into an NCP server. NCP’s filesystem type code is ncpfs.

Miscellaneous Filesystems

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BeFS BeOS uses its own journaling filesystem, known as BeFS. A read-only Linux driver for this filesystem

FFS/UFS The Fast Filesystem (FFS; aka Unix Filesystem or UFS) was developed early in the history of Unix. It’s still used by many Unix and derivative systems, including FreeBSD and Solaris. In principle, FFS/UFS could have been adopted as a native Linux filesystem, but Linux’s write support for this filesystem is still considered dangerous

UDF The Universal Disk Format (UDF) is a filesystem designed for recordable CD, DVD, and recordable DVD media. Linux includes UDF support in the 2.4.x kernel series, but the write support is marked ”dangerous” and is very limited in terms of supported hardware.