important parts of the Linux kernel

Posted on January 30, 2013July 28, 2015 by coder

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Restore grup boot loader after installing windows 7 and 8

Posted on January 18, 2013June 4, 2015 by coder

Boot-Repair is a simple tool to repair frequent boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu like when you can’t boot Ubuntu after installing Windows or another Linux distribution, or when you can’t boot Windows after installing Ubuntu, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore, some upgrade breaks GRUB, etc.

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Remark: this can also be performed from a live-CD or live-USB.

Either add ‘ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair’ to your Software Sources via the Software Centre or, for speeds-sake, add it using a new Terminal session:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair &amp;&amp; boot-repair

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Boot-Repair can be installed & used from any Ubuntu session (normal session, or live-CD, or live-USB). PPA packages are available for Ubuntu 10.04, 10.10, 11.04, 11.10, 12.04 and 12.10.

vmware workstation 8 kernel modules error fixing

Posted on January 8, 2013June 4, 2015 by coder

Firstly download

vmware802fixlinux320.tar

After- Install kernel modules on your ubuntu

$ apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

After unzip the downloaded file and run .sh files on terminal-

You can change required versions informations inside of .sh files.

and problem fixed.

Tested for vmware workstation .bundle 8.0 version .

windows 98 commands

Posted on December 9, 2012June 4, 2015 by coder

addusers-
arp-
assoc- Displays or modifies file extension associations.
associate-
at- Displays or modifies file extension associations
attrib- Displays or changes file attributes.
browstat-
cacls- Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
call- Calls one batch program from another.
cd- Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
change-
chkdsk- Checks a disk and displays a status report
chkntfs- Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
choice- Allows for batch files to prompt the user to select one item from a set of single-character choices.
cipher -
cleanmgr-
clip-
cmd- Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
color- Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
comp- Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them.
con2prt-
copy- Copies one or more files to another location.
date- Displays or sets the date.
defrag- Defragments a disk drive.
del- Deletes one or more files.
delprof-
dir- Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. Lists the contents of a directory.
diruse-
diskcomp- Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
diskcopy- Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
doskey- Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
dsadd-
dsmod-
echo- Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
endlocal- Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
erase- Erases one or more files.
exit- Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
expand-
fc- Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.
fdisk- Manipulates hard disk partition tables. The name derives from IBM’s habit of calling hard drives fixed disks. When run from the command line, it displays a menu of various partitioning operations:
find- Searches for a text string in a file or files.
findstr- Searches for strings in files.
for- Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
forfiles-
format- Formats a disk for use with Windows.
fsutil-
ftp-
ftype- Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
global-
goto- Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.
help- Provides Help information for Windows commands. Gives help about DOS.
hfnetchk-
if- Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
ifmember-
ipconfig-
kill-
label- Changes the label on a logical drive, such as a hard disk partition or a floppy disk.
ldifde -
local-
logevent-
logoff-
logtime-
mapisend-
md - Creates a directory.
mem - Displays memory usage.
mode- Configures a system device.
monitor-
more- Pages through the output so that you can view more than one screen of text.
mountvol -
move - Moves files or renames directories.
moveuser -
msg -
msiexec-
msinfo32 -
mstsc -
munge -
mv -
nbtstat-
net -
netdom -
netsh -
netstat-
netsvc-
now-
nslookup -
ntbackup-
ntrights -
path - Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
pathping -
pause - Suspends processing of a batch program and displays the message ‘Press any key to continue
perms -
ping -
popd - Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
portqry -
print - Adds a file in the print queue.
prncnfg -
prnmngr-
prompt - Changes the Windows command prompt.
pushd - aves the current directory then changes it.
qgrep -
rasdial-
rasphone-
rd and- Remove a directory, which by default must be empty of files for the command to succeed (the /s flag removes this restriction).
rdisk -
recover - Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
reg -
regedit -
regsvr32 -
rem - Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
renc- Renames a file or files.
replace - Replaces files.
rmtshare -
robocopy -
route -
runas -
rundll32 -
sc -
schtasks -
sclist -
scriptit -
set - Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
setlocal - Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
setx -
share -
shift - Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
shortcut -
showgrps-
showmbrs -
shutdown-
sleep -
soon -
sort - A filter to sort lines in the input data stream and send them to the output data stream.
start - Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
su-
subinacl -
subst - Associates a path with a drive letter.
tasklist -
time - Displays or sets the system time.
timeout -
title - Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
touch -
tracert -
type - Displays the contents of a text file.
ver - Displays the Windows version.
verify- Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.
vol - Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
where-
whoami -
windiff -
winmsd-
winmsdp-
wmic -
xcacls -
xcopy - Copy entire directory trees.

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addusers-

arp-

assoc- Displays or modifies file extension associations.

associate-

at- Displays or modifies file extension associations

attrib- Displays or changes file attributes.

browstat-

cacls- Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.

call- Calls one batch program from another.

cd- Displays the name of or changes the current directory.

change-

chkdsk- Checks a disk and displays a status report

chkntfs- Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.

choice- Allows for batch files to prompt the user to select one item from a set of single-character choices.

cipher -

cleanmgr-

clip-

cmd- Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.

color- Sets the default console foreground and background colors.

comp- Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them.

con2prt-

copy- Copies one or more files to another location.

date- Displays or sets the date.

defrag- Defragments a disk drive.

del- Deletes one or more files.

delprof-

dir- Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. Lists the contents of a directory.

diruse-

diskcomp- Compares the contents of two floppy disks.

diskcopy- Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.

doskey- Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.

dsadd-

dsmod-

echo- Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.

endlocal- Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.

erase- Erases one or more files.

exit- Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).

expand-

fc- Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.

fdisk- Manipulates hard disk partition tables. The name derives from IBM’s habit of calling hard drives fixed disks. When run from the command line, it displays a menu of various partitioning operations:

find- Searches for a text string in a file or files.

findstr- Searches for strings in files.

for- Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.

forfiles-

format- Formats a disk for use with Windows.

fsutil-

ftp-

ftype- Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.

global-

goto- Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.

help- Provides Help information for Windows commands. Gives help about DOS.

hfnetchk-

if- Performs conditional processing in batch programs.

ifmember-

ipconfig-

kill-

label- Changes the label on a logical drive, such as a hard disk partition or a floppy disk.

ldifde -

local-

logevent-

logoff-

logtime-

mapisend-

md - Creates a directory.

mem - Displays memory usage.

mode- Configures a system device.

monitor-

more- Pages through the output so that you can view more than one screen of text.

mountvol -

move - Moves files or renames directories.

moveuser -

msg -

msiexec-

msinfo32 -

mstsc -

munge -

mv -

nbtstat-

net -

netdom -

netsh -

netstat-

netsvc-

now-

nslookup -

ntbackup-

ntrights -

path - Displays or sets a search path for executable files.

pathping -

pause - Suspends processing of a batch program and displays the message ‘Press any key to continue

perms -

ping -

popd - Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.

portqry -

print - Adds a file in the print queue.

prncnfg -

prnmngr-

prompt - Changes the Windows command prompt.

pushd - aves the current directory then changes it.

qgrep -

rasdial-

rasphone-

rd and- Remove a directory, which by default must be empty of files for the command to succeed (the /s flag removes this restriction).

rdisk -

recover - Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.

reg -

regedit -

regsvr32 -

rem - Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.

renc- Renames a file or files.

replace - Replaces files.

rmtshare -

robocopy -

route -

runas -

rundll32 -

sc -

schtasks -

sclist -

scriptit -

set - Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.

setlocal - Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.

setx -

share -

shift - Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.

shortcut -

showgrps-

showmbrs -

shutdown-

sleep -

soon -

sort - A filter to sort lines in the input data stream and send them to the output data stream.

start - Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.

su-

subinacl -

subst - Associates a path with a drive letter.

tasklist -

time - Displays or sets the system time.

timeout -

title - Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.

touch -

tracert -

type - Displays the contents of a text file.

ver - Displays the Windows version.

verify- Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.

vol - Displays a disk volume label and serial number.

where-

whoami -

windiff -

winmsd-

winmsdp-

wmic -

xcacls -

xcopy - Copy entire directory trees.

vnc server user manual, server manual

Posted on December 4, 2012June 4, 2015 by coder

VNC Server

Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is a platform-independent graphical desktop sharing
system which uses the RFB protocol to allow you remotely view and fully interact with
one computer desktop (the “VNC server”) using the VNC viewer on another computer
from anywhere over a network. …

Download from here: > VNC_Server_manual_Client_3.0 / Click Me

Blocking an ip under linux

Posted on November 28, 2012July 28, 2015 by coder

# iptables -A INPUT -s IP-ADDRESS -j DROP

# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP

# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -p tcp --destination-port 25 -j DROP

# iptables -A INPUT -s IP-ADDRESS -j DROP

# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP

# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -p tcp --destination-port 25 -j DROP

CentOS / RHEL / Fedora Block An IP And Save It To Config File

# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP
# service iptables save

1 2	# iptables -A INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP # service iptables save

How Do I Unblock An IP Address?

# iptables -D INPUT -s xx.xxx.xx.xx -j DROP
# iptables -D INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP
# service iptables save

# iptables -D INPUT -s xx.xxx.xx.xx -j DROP

# iptables -D INPUT -s 65.55.44.100 -j DROP

# service iptables save

gfgrep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring Error , Solved

Posted on October 13, 2012July 28, 2015 by coder

gfgrep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring
.grep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring
.grep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring



Command  is  here:

chmod 444 /etc/grep-dctrl.rc:

gfgrep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring

.grep-status: /etc/grep-dctrl.rc: write permissions for group or others, ignoring

Command is here:

chmod 444 /etc/grep-dctrl.rc:

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