using System;
class MainClass
{
    // unsafe not required for primitive types.
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The size of short is {0}.", sizeof(short));
        Console.WriteLine("The size of int is {0}.", sizeof(int));
        Console.WriteLine("The size of long is {0}.", sizeof(long));
    }
}

   
     

   
  
class SomeClass
{
    static unsafe public void ShowSizes() 
    {
        Console.WriteLine("
Basic type sizes");
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof short = {0}", sizeof(short));
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof int = {0}", sizeof(int));
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof long = {0}", sizeof(long));
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof bool = {0}", sizeof(bool));
    }
}
   
class SizeofBasicTypesApp
{
    unsafe public static void Main(string[] args) 
    {
        SomeClass.ShowSizes();
    }
}

   
     

   


using System;
   
   
public class Name {
  public string firstName;
  public string lastName;
   
  public Name(string firstName, string lastName) {
    this.firstName = firstName;
    this.lastName = lastName;
  }
   
  public void Display() {
    Console.WriteLine("firstName = " + firstName);
    Console.WriteLine("lastName = " + lastName);
  }
   
  public static Name Copy(Name car) {
    return (Name) car.MemberwiseClone();
  }
}
   
   
class Test {
  public static void Main() {
    Name myName = new Name("T", "M");
    Name myOtherName = new Name("P", "B");
    Console.WriteLine("myName details:");
    myName.Display();
    Console.WriteLine("myOtherName details:");
    myOtherName.Display();
   
    // set the myName object reference equal to myOtherName
    Console.WriteLine("Setting myName equal to myOtherName");
    myName = myOtherName;
   
    // check for equality
    Console.WriteLine("Name.Equals(myName, myOtherName) ="+ Name.Equals(myName, myOtherName));
    Console.WriteLine("Name.ReferenceEquals(myName, myOtherName) ="+ Name.ReferenceEquals(myName, myOtherName));
   
  }
   
}
           
          

   
 

using System;

public class Class1 {
    public static void Main(string[] strings) {
        Example exampleObject = new Example();

        Console.WriteLine("Pass a null object:");
        string s = null;
        exampleObject.TestString(s);
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("Pass an empty string:");
        exampleObject.TestString("");
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("Pass a real string:");
        exampleObject.TestString("test string");
        Console.WriteLine();

    }
}

class Example {
    public void TestString(string sTest) {
        if (sTest == null) {
            Console.WriteLine("sTest is null");
            return;
        }

        if (String.Compare(sTest, "") == 0) {
            Console.WriteLine("sTest references an empty string");
            return;
        }
        Console.WriteLine("sTest refers to: '" + sTest + "'");
    }
}

    

   
 
using System;

public class Test {
    public static void Main(string[] strings) {
        Student student;
        Example example = new Example();
        example.ReturnStudent(out student);

        Console.WriteLine("Student is " + student.name);
    }
}

class Example {
    public void ReturnStudent(out Student student) {
        student = new Student();
        student.name = "Jenny";
    }
}

public class Student {
    public string name;
}

    

using System;

public class ArrayReferenceTest
{
public static void Main( string[] args )
{
int[] firstArray = { 1, 2, 3 };
int[] firstArrayCopy = firstArray;
for ( int i = 0; i < firstArray.Length; i++ ) Console.Write( "{0} ", firstArray[ i ] ); FirstDouble( firstArray ); for ( int i = 0; i < firstArray.Length; i++ ) Console.Write( "{0} ", firstArray[ i ] ); if ( firstArray == firstArrayCopy ) Console.WriteLine("same" ); else Console.WriteLine("different" ); int[] secondArray = { 1, 2, 3 }; int[] secondArrayCopy = secondArray; for ( int i = 0; i < secondArray.Length; i++ ) Console.Write( "{0} ", secondArray[ i ] ); SecondDouble( ref secondArray ); for ( int i = 0; i < secondArray.Length; i++ ) Console.Write( "{0} ", secondArray[ i ] ); if ( secondArray == secondArrayCopy ) Console.WriteLine("same" ); else Console.WriteLine("different" ); } public static void FirstDouble( int[] array ) { for ( int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++ ) array[ i ] *= 2; array = new int[] { 11, 12, 13 }; } public static void SecondDouble( ref int[] array ) { for ( int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++ ) array[ i ] *= 2; array = new int[] { 11, 12, 13 }; } } [/csharp]

   
 




using System;

class ReferenceAndOutputParameters
{
   public void aMethod()
   {
      int y = 5; 
      int z; 

      Console.WriteLine( "Original value of y: {0}", y );
      Console.WriteLine( "Original value of z: uninitialized
" );

      SquareRef( ref y );  
      SquareOut( out z );  

      Console.WriteLine( "Value of y after SquareRef: {0}", y );
      Console.WriteLine( "Value of z after SquareOut: {0}
", z );

      Square( y );
      Square( z );

      Console.WriteLine( "Value of y after Square: {0}", y );
      Console.WriteLine( "Value of z after Square: {0}", z );
   } 
   void SquareRef( ref int x )
   {
      x = x * x; 
   } 
   void SquareOut( out int x )
   {
      x = 6; 
      x = x * x; 
   } 
   void Square( int x )
   {
      x = x * x;
   }
} 
class ReferenceAndOutputParamtersTest
{
   static void Main( string[] args )
   {
      ReferenceAndOutputParameters test = new ReferenceAndOutputParameters();
      test.aMethod();
   }
}