/*
Learning C#
by Jesse Liberty
Publisher: O'Reilly
ISBN: 0596003765
*/
using System;
public class MyTime
{
// private variables
private int year;
private int month;
private int date;
private int hour;
private int minute;
private int second;
// public methods
public void DisplayCurrentMyTime()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"stub for DisplayCurrentMyTime");
}
}
public class Tester
{
static void Main()
{
MyTime timeObject = new MyTime();
timeObject.DisplayCurrentMyTime();
}
}
Class Interface
Variable in and out a class
/*
Learning C#
by Jesse Liberty
Publisher: O'Reilly
ISBN: 0596003765
*/
using System;
namespace heap
{
public class Dog
{
public int weight;
}
public class TesterClass
{
public void Run()
{
// create an integer
int firstInt = 5;
// create a second integer
int secondInt = firstInt;
// display the two integers
Console.WriteLine("firstInt: {0} secondInt: {1}",
firstInt, secondInt);
// modify the second integer
secondInt = 7;
// display the two integers
Console.WriteLine("firstInt: {0} secondInt: {1}",
firstInt, secondInt);
// create a dog
Dog milo = new Dog();
// assign a value to weight
milo.weight = 5;
// create a second reference to the dog
Dog fido = milo;
// display their values
Console.WriteLine("Milo: {0}, fido: {1}",
milo.weight, fido.weight);
// assign a new weight to the second reference
fido.weight = 7;
// display the two values
Console.WriteLine("Milo: {0}, fido: {1}",
milo.weight, fido.weight);
}
static void Main()
{
TesterClass t = new TesterClass();
t.Run();
}
}
}
Illustrates hiding
/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
Example5_4.cs illustrates hiding
*/
// declare the Car class
class Car
{
public int yearBuilt;
public double maximumSpeed;
public int Age(int currentYear)
{
int maximumSpeed = 100; // hides the field
System.Console.WriteLine("In Age(): maximumSpeed = " +
maximumSpeed);
int age = currentYear - yearBuilt;
return age;
}
public double Distance(double initialSpeed, double time)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("In Distance(): maximumSpeed = " +
maximumSpeed);
return (initialSpeed + maximumSpeed) / 2 * time;
}
}
public class Example5_4
{
public static void Main()
{
// create a Car object
Car redPorsche = new Car();
redPorsche.yearBuilt = 2000;
redPorsche.maximumSpeed = 150;
int age = redPorsche.Age(2001);
System.Console.WriteLine("redPorsche is " + age + " year old.");
System.Console.WriteLine("redPorsche travels " +
redPorsche.Distance(31, .25) + " miles.");
}
}
Show name hiding in a derived class
/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
//
// Hide.cs -- Show name hiding in a derived class
//
// Compile this program with the following command line:
// C:>csc Hide.cs
//
namespace nsHide
{
using System;
using System.Reflection;
public class Hide
{
static public void Main ()
{
clsBase Base = new clsBase();
clsDerived Derived = new clsDerived ();
Base.x = 42;
Derived.x = 42;
Console.WriteLine ("For the base class:");
Console.WriteLine (" The type stored in clsBase is " + Base.TypeOf());
Console.WriteLine (" MathOp () returns {0,0:F3} for {1}", Base.MathOp(42), 42);
Console.WriteLine ("
For the derived class:");
Console.WriteLine (" The type stored in clsDerived is " + Derived.TypeOf());
Console.WriteLine (" MathOp () returns {0,0:F3} for {1}", Derived.MathOp(42), 42);
}
}
class clsBase
{
protected int m_x;
public int x
{
get {return (x);}
set {m_x = value;}
}
public double MathOp (int val)
{
return (Math.Sqrt ((double) val));
}
public string TypeOf ()
{
return ("integer");
}
}
class clsDerived : clsBase
{
new protected double m_x;
new public double x
{
get {return (x);}
set {m_x = value;}
}
new public double MathOp (int val)
{
return ((double) (val * val));
}
new public string TypeOf ()
{
return ("long");
}
}
}
Demonstrate the use of a nested class to contain data
/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
//
// Nested.cs -- demonstrate the use of a nested class to contain data
//
// Compile this program with the following command line
// C:>csc Nested.cs
//
namespace nsReadOnly
{
using System;
public class Nested
{
static double DegreeFactor = 1;
static double MilFactor = 0.05625;
static double RadianFactor = 57.29578;
static public void Main ()
{
double angle = 90;
double radius = 50;
// Declare an instance of the nested class
clsArea.clsData data = new clsArea.clsData (angle, radius,
DegreeFactor);
clsArea InDegrees = new clsArea (data);
// Change the values to mils
data.Factor = MilFactor;
data.Angle = angle * 17.77778;
clsArea InMils = new clsArea (data);
// Change the values to radians
data.Angle = angle / 57.29578;
data.Factor = RadianFactor;
clsArea InRadians = new clsArea (data);
Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} degrees is {1,0:F1}",
InDegrees.Data.Angle, InDegrees.Area);
Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} radians is {1,0:F1}",
InRadians.Data.Angle, InRadians.Area);
Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} mils is {1,0:F1}",
InMils.Data.Angle, InMils.Area);
}
}
class clsArea
{
public class clsData : ICloneable
{
public clsData (double angle, double radius, double factor)
{
m_Angle = angle;
m_Radius = radius;
m_Factor = factor / 57.29578;
}
public double Angle
{
get {return(m_Angle);}
set {m_Angle = value;}
}
public double Radius
{
get {return(m_Radius);}
set {m_Radius = value;}
}
public double Factor
{
get {return(m_Factor);}
set {m_Factor = value / 57.29578;}
}
private double m_Angle = 0;
private double m_Radius = 0;
private double m_Factor = 1;
public object Clone ()
{
clsData clone = new clsData (m_Angle, m_Radius,
m_Factor * 57.29578);
return (clone);
}
}
public clsArea (clsData data)
{
// Clone the data object to get a copy for ourselves
m_Data = (clsData) data.Clone();
}
public clsData Data
{
get {return (m_Data);}
}
private clsData m_Data;
private const double pi = 3.14159;
private const double radian = 57.29578;
public double Area
{
get
{
return (m_Data.Radius * m_Data.Radius * pi
* m_Data.Angle * m_Data.Factor / (2 * pi));
}
}
}
}
Multiple constructors in a class definition
/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Constrct.cs - Demonstrates the use of multiple constructors
// in a class definition.
//
// Compile this program with the following command line:
// C:>csc Constrct.cs
//
namespace nsConstructor
{
using System;
struct POINT
{
public POINT (int cx, int cy)
{
this.cx = cx;
this.cy = cy;
}
public int cx;
public int cy;
}
public class Constrct
{
static public void Main ()
{
clsRect rc1 = new clsRect();
clsRect rc2 = new clsRect (10, 12, 84, 96);
POINT pt1 = new POINT (10, 12);
POINT pt2 = new POINT (84, 96);
clsRect rc3 = new clsRect (pt1, pt2);
}
}
class clsRect
{
// The following constructor replaces the default constructor
public clsRect ()
{
Console.WriteLine ("Default constructor called");
m_Left = m_Top = m_Right = m_Bottom = 0;
}
public clsRect (int cx1, int cy1, int cx2, int cy2)
{
Console.WriteLine ("Constructor 1 called");
m_Left = cx1;
m_Top = cy1;
m_Right = cx2;
m_Bottom = cy2;
}
public clsRect (POINT pt1, POINT pt2)
{
Console.WriteLine ("Constructor 2 called");
m_Left = pt1.cx;
m_Top = pt1.cy;
m_Right = pt2.cx;
m_Bottom = pt2.cy;
}
public POINT UpperLeft
{
get {return(new POINT(m_Left, m_Top));}
set {m_Left = value.cx; m_Top = value.cy;}
}
public POINT LowerRight
{
get {return(new POINT(m_Right, m_Bottom));}
set {m_Right = value.cx; m_Bottom = value.cy;}
}
private int m_Left;
private int m_Top;
private int m_Right;
private int m_Bottom;
}
}
Illustrates nested classes
/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
Example6_6.cs illustrates nested classes
*/
// declare the Car class
class Car
{
// declare the Engine class
public class Engine
{
// declare the Engine fields
public int cylinders;
public int horsepower;
// define the Engine method
public void Start()
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Engine started");
}
}
// declare the Car fields
public string make;
public Engine engine; // Car has an Engine
// define the Car method
public void Start()
{
engine.Start();
}
}
public class Example6_6
{
public static void Main()
{
// declare a Car object reference named myCar
System.Console.WriteLine("Creating a Car object");
Car myCar = new Car();
myCar.make = "Toyota";
// Car objects have an Engine object
System.Console.WriteLine("Creating an Engine object");
myCar.engine = new Car.Engine();
myCar.engine.cylinders = 4;
myCar.engine.horsepower = 180;
// display the values for the Car and Engine object fields
System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.cylinders = " +
myCar.engine.cylinders);
System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.horsepower = " +
myCar.engine.horsepower);
// call the Car object's Start() method
myCar.Start();
}
}