/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/

//
//  CmpStCls.cs -- Demonstates assignment operator on structures and classes.
//                 Compile this program with the following command line:
//                     C:>csc CmpStCls.cs
//
namespace nsCompare
{
    using System;
//
// Define a structure containing the x and y coordinates of a point
    struct stPoint
    {
        public int cx;
        public int cy;
    }
//
// Define a class containing the x and y coordinates of a point
    class clsPoint
    {
        public int cx;
        public int cy;
    }
    public class CmpStCls
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
// Declare two structure variables
            stPoint spt1, spt2;
// Initialize the members of only one structure
            spt1.cx = 42;
            spt1.cy = 24;
// Assign the first structure to the first
            spt2 = spt1;
// Now modify the first structure
            spt1.cx = 12;
            spt1.cy = 18;
// Show the results
            Console.WriteLine ("For structures:");
            Console.WriteLine ("	The point for spt1 is ({0}, {1})", spt1.cx, spt1.cy);
            Console.WriteLine ("	The point for spt2 is ({0}, {1})", spt2.cx, spt2.cy);

// Now do the same thing with instances of the class
            clsPoint cpt1, cpt2;
            cpt1 = new clsPoint();
// Initialize the members of only one class instance
            cpt1.cx = 42;
            cpt1.cy = 24;
// Assign the first class instance to the second
            cpt2 = cpt1;
// Modify the first class
            cpt1.cx = 12;
            cpt2.cy = 18;
// Show the results
            Console.WriteLine ("
For structures:");
            Console.WriteLine ("	The point for cpt1 is ({0}, {1})", cpt1.cx, cpt1.cy);
            Console.WriteLine ("	The point for cpt2 is ({0}, {1})", cpt2.cx, cpt2.cy);
        }
    }
}

           
          

   

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/

//  tm.cs - demonstrates using a structure to return a group of variables
//          from a function
//
//          Compile this program using the following command line:
//              D:>csc tm.cs
//
namespace nsStructure
{
    using System;
    using System.Globalization;
    public struct tm
    {
        public int tm_sec;       // Seconds after the minute
        public int tm_min;       // Minutes after the hour 
        public int tm_hour;      // Hours since midnight
        public int tm_mday;      // The day of the month
        public int tm_mon;       // The month (January = 0)
        public int tm_year;      // The year (00 = 1900)
        public int tm_wday;      // The day of the week (Sunday = 0)
        public int tm_yday;      // The day of the year (Jan. 1 = 1)
        public int tm_isdst;     // Flag to indicate if DST is in effect
    }
    public class tmDemo
    {
        static public void Main()
        {
            DateTime timeVal = DateTime.Now;
            tm tmNow = LocalTime (timeVal);
            string strTime = AscTime (tmNow);
            Console.WriteLine (strTime);
        }
        static public tm LocalTime(DateTime tmVal)
        {
            tm time;
            time.tm_sec = tmVal.Second;
            time.tm_min = tmVal.Minute;
            time.tm_hour = tmVal.Hour;
            time.tm_mday = tmVal.Day;
            time.tm_mon = tmVal.Month - 1;
            time.tm_year = tmVal.Year - 1900;
            time.tm_wday = (int) tmVal.DayOfWeek;
            time.tm_yday = tmVal.DayOfYear;
            TimeZone tz = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone;
            time.tm_isdst = tz.IsDaylightSavingTime (tmVal) == true ? 1 : 0;
            return (time);
        }
//
//  Returns a string representing a time using UNIX format
        static public string AscTime (tm time)
        {
            const string wDays = "SunMonTueWedThuFriSat";
            const string months = "JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec";
            string strTime = String.Format ("{0} {1} {2,2:00} " + 
                            "{3,2:00}:{4,2:00}:{5,2:00} {6}
", 
                             wDays.Substring (3 * time.tm_wday, 3),
                             months.Substring (3 * time.tm_mon, 3),
                             time.tm_mday, time.tm_hour,
                             time.tm_min, time.tm_sec, time.tm_year + 1900);
            return (strTime);
        }
    }
}

           
          

   
 

using System;
struct Dimensions {
    public double Length;
    public double Width;
    Dimensions(double length, double width) { Length = length; Width = width; }

    public double Diagonal {
        get {
            return Math.Sqrt(Length * Length + Width * Width);
        }
    }
}

    

   

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
//  tm2.cs - demonstrates a custom constructor function for a structure
//           Compile this program using the following command line:
//               D:>csc tm2.cs
//
namespace nsStructure
{
    using System;
    using System.Globalization;
    struct tm
    {
        public tm (DateTime tmVal)
        {
            tm_sec = tmVal.Second;
            tm_min = tmVal.Minute;
            tm_hour = tmVal.Hour;
            tm_mday = tmVal.Day;
            tm_mon = tmVal.Month - 1;
            tm_year = tmVal.Year - 1900;
            tm_wday = (int) tmVal.DayOfWeek;
            tm_yday = tmVal.DayOfYear;
            TimeZone tz = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone;
            tm_isdst = tz.IsDaylightSavingTime (tmVal) == true ? 1 : 0;
        }
        public int tm_sec;       // Seconds after the minute
        public int tm_min;       // Minutes after the hour 
        public int tm_hour;      // Hours since midnight
        public int tm_mday;      // The day of the month
        public int tm_mon;       // The month (January = 0)
        public int tm_year;      // The year (00 = 1900)
        public int tm_wday;      // The day of the week (Sunday = 0)
        public int tm_yday;      // The day of the year (Jan. 1 = 1)
        public int tm_isdst;     // Flag to indicate if DST is in effect
        public override string ToString()
        {
            const string wDays = "SunMonTueWedThuFriSat";
            const string months = "JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec";
            return (String.Format ("{0} {1} {2,2:00} " + 
                            "{3,2:00}:{4,2:00}:{5,2:00} {6}
", 
                             wDays.Substring (3 * tm_wday, 3),
                             months.Substring (3 * tm_mon, 3),
                             tm_mday, tm_hour, tm_min,
                             tm_sec, tm_year + 1900));
        }
    }
    public class tm2Demo
    {
        static public void Main()
        {
            DateTime timeVal = DateTime.Now;
            tm tmNow = new tm (timeVal);
            Console.WriteLine (tmNow);
        }
    }
}


           
          

   

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/
// Structures are good when grouping data. 
 
using System; 
 
// Define a packet structure. 
struct PacketHeader { 
  public uint packNum; // packet number 
  public ushort packLen; // length of packet 
} 
 
// Use PacketHeader to create an e-commerce transaction record. 
class Transaction { 
  static uint transacNum = 0; 
 
  PacketHeader ph;  // incorporate PacketHeader into Transaction 
  string accountNum; 
  double amount; 
 
  public Transaction(string acc, double val) { 
   // create packet header 
    ph.packNum = transacNum++;  
    ph.packLen = 512;  // arbitrary length 
 
    accountNum = acc; 
    amount = val; 
  } 
 
  // Simulate a transaction. 
  public void sendTransaction() { 
    Console.WriteLine("Packet #: " + ph.packNum + 
                      ", Length: " + ph.packLen + 
                      ",
    Account #: " + accountNum + 
                      ", Amount: {0:C}
", amount); 
  } 
} 
 
// Demonstrate Packet 
public class PacketDemo { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Transaction t = new Transaction("31243", -100.12); 
    Transaction t2 = new Transaction("AB4655", 345.25); 
    Transaction t3 = new Transaction("8475-09", 9800.00); 
 
    t.sendTransaction(); 
    t2.sendTransaction(); 
    t3.sendTransaction(); 
  } 
}


           
          

   

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/
// Copy a struct. 
 
using System; 
 
// Define a structure. 
struct MyStruct { 
  public int x; 
} 
 
// Demonstrate structure assignment. 
public class StructAssignment { 
  public static void Main() { 
    MyStruct a; 
    MyStruct b; 
 
    a.x = 10; 
    b.x = 20; 
 
    Console.WriteLine("a.x {0}, b.x {1}", a.x, b.x); 
 
    a = b; 
    b.x = 30; 
 
    Console.WriteLine("a.x {0}, b.x {1}", a.x, b.x); 
  } 
}


           
          

   

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/
// Demonstrate a structure. 
 
using System; 
 
// Define a structure. 
struct Book { 
  public string author; 
  public string title; 
  public int copyright; 
 
  public Book(string a, string t, int c) { 
    author = a; 
    title = t; 
    copyright = c; 
  } 
} 
 
// Demonstrate Book structure. 
public class StructDemo1 { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Book book1 = new Book("Herb Schildt", 
                          "C# A Beginner's Guide", 
                          2001); // explicit constructor 
 
    Book book2 = new Book(); // default constructor 
    Book book3; // no constructor 
 
    Console.WriteLine(book1.title + " by " + book1.author + 
                      ", (c) " + book1.copyright); 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
    if(book2.title == null) 
      Console.WriteLine("book2.title is null."); 
    // now, give book2 some info 
    book2.title = "Brave New World"; 
    book2.author = "Aldous Huxley"; 
    book2.copyright = 1932; 
    Console.Write("book2 now contains: "); 
    Console.WriteLine(book2.title + " by " + book2.author + 
                      ", (c) " + book2.copyright); 
 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
// Console.WriteLine(book3.title); // error, must initialize first 
    book3.title = "Red Storm Rising"; 
 
    Console.WriteLine(book3.title); // now OK 
  } 
}