/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/

//
// Nested.cs -- demonstrate the use of a nested class to contain data
//
//              Compile this program with the following command line
//                  C:>csc Nested.cs
//
namespace nsReadOnly
{
    using System;
    
    public class Nested
    {
        static double DegreeFactor = 1;
        static double MilFactor = 0.05625;
        static double RadianFactor = 57.29578;
        static public void Main ()
        {
            double angle = 90;
            double radius = 50;
            
            // Declare an instance of the nested class
            clsArea.clsData data = new clsArea.clsData (angle, radius,
                                                        DegreeFactor);
            clsArea InDegrees = new clsArea (data);

            // Change the values to mils
            data.Factor = MilFactor;
            data.Angle = angle * 17.77778;
            clsArea InMils = new clsArea (data);

            // Change the values to radians
            data.Angle = angle / 57.29578;
            data.Factor = RadianFactor;
            clsArea InRadians = new clsArea (data);

            Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} degrees is {1,0:F1}",
                               InDegrees.Data.Angle, InDegrees.Area);
            Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} radians is {1,0:F1}",
                               InRadians.Data.Angle, InRadians.Area);
            Console.WriteLine ("Area of pie of {0,0:F3} mils is {1,0:F1}",
                               InMils.Data.Angle, InMils.Area);
        }
    }
    class clsArea
    {
        public class clsData : ICloneable
        {
            public clsData (double angle, double radius, double factor)
            {
                m_Angle = angle;
                m_Radius = radius;
                m_Factor = factor / 57.29578;
            }
            public double Angle
            {
                get {return(m_Angle);}
                set {m_Angle = value;}
            }

            public double Radius
            {
                get {return(m_Radius);}
                set {m_Radius = value;}
            }
            public double Factor
            {
                get {return(m_Factor);}
                set {m_Factor = value / 57.29578;}
            }
            private double m_Angle = 0;
            private double m_Radius = 0;
            private double m_Factor = 1;
            public object Clone ()
            {
                clsData clone = new clsData (m_Angle, m_Radius,
                                             m_Factor * 57.29578);
                return (clone);
            }
        }

        public clsArea (clsData data)
        {
            // Clone the data object to get a copy for ourselves
            m_Data = (clsData) data.Clone();
        }

        public clsData Data
        {
            get {return (m_Data);}
        }

        private clsData m_Data;
        private const double pi = 3.14159;
        private const double radian = 57.29578;

        public double Area
        {
            get
            {
               return (m_Data.Radius * m_Data.Radius * pi
                       * m_Data.Angle * m_Data.Factor /  (2 * pi));
            }
        }
    }
}


           
          

   

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Constrct.cs - Demonstrates the use of multiple constructors
//               in a class definition.
//
//               Compile this program with the following command line:
//                   C:>csc Constrct.cs
//
namespace nsConstructor
{
    using System;
    struct POINT
    {
        public POINT (int cx, int cy)
        {
            this.cx = cx;
            this.cy = cy;
        }
        public int cx;
        public int cy;
    }
    public class Constrct
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
            clsRect rc1 = new clsRect();
            clsRect rc2 = new clsRect (10, 12, 84, 96);
            POINT pt1 = new POINT (10, 12);
            POINT pt2 = new POINT (84, 96);
            clsRect rc3 = new clsRect (pt1, pt2);
        }
    }
    class clsRect
    {
// The following constructor replaces the default constructor
        public clsRect ()
        {
            Console.WriteLine ("Default constructor called");
            m_Left = m_Top = m_Right = m_Bottom  = 0;
        }
        public clsRect (int cx1, int cy1, int cx2, int cy2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine ("Constructor 1 called");
            m_Left = cx1;
            m_Top = cy1;
            m_Right = cx2;
            m_Bottom = cy2;
        }
        public clsRect (POINT pt1, POINT pt2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine ("Constructor 2 called");
            m_Left = pt1.cx;
            m_Top = pt1.cy;
            m_Right = pt2.cx;
            m_Bottom = pt2.cy;
        }
        public POINT UpperLeft
        {
            get {return(new POINT(m_Left, m_Top));}
            set {m_Left = value.cx; m_Top = value.cy;}
        }
        public POINT LowerRight
        {
            get {return(new POINT(m_Right, m_Bottom));}
            set {m_Right = value.cx; m_Bottom = value.cy;}
        }
        private int m_Left;
        private int m_Top;
        private int m_Right;
        private int m_Bottom;
    }
}



           
          

   

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy

Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example6_6.cs illustrates nested classes
*/


// declare the Car class
class Car
{

  // declare the Engine class
  public class Engine
  {

    // declare the Engine fields
    public int cylinders;
    public int horsepower;

    // define the Engine method
    public void Start()
    {
      System.Console.WriteLine("Engine started");
    }

  }

  // declare the Car fields
  public string make;
  public Engine engine;  // Car has an Engine

  // define the Car method
  public void Start()
  {
    engine.Start();
  }

}


public class Example6_6
{

  public static void Main()
  {

    // declare a Car object reference named myCar
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating a Car object");
    Car myCar = new Car();
    myCar.make = "Toyota";

    // Car objects have an Engine object
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating an Engine object");
    myCar.engine = new Car.Engine();
    myCar.engine.cylinders = 4;
    myCar.engine.horsepower = 180;

    // display the values for the Car and Engine object fields
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.cylinders = " +
      myCar.engine.cylinders);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.horsepower = " +
      myCar.engine.horsepower);

    // call the Car object's Start() method
    myCar.Start();

  }

}


           
          

   

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy

Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example6_5.cs illustrates how to use a "has a"
  relationship
*/


// declare the Engine class
class Engine
{

  // declare the fields
  public int cylinders;
  public int horsepower;

  // define the method
  public void Start()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine("Engine started");
  }

}


// declare the Car class
class Car
{

  // declare the fields
  public string make;
  public Engine engine;  // Car has an Engine

  // define the method
  public void Start()
  {
    engine.Start();
  }

}


public class Example6_5
{

  public static void Main()
  {

    // declare a Car object reference named myCar
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating a Car object");
    Car myCar = new Car();
    myCar.make = "Toyota";

    // Car objects have an Engine object
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating an Engine object");
    myCar.engine = new Engine();
    myCar.engine.cylinders = 4;
    myCar.engine.horsepower = 180;

    // display the values for the Car and Engine object fields
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.cylinders = " +
      myCar.engine.cylinders);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.engine.horsepower = " +
      myCar.engine.horsepower);

    // call the Car object's Start() method
    myCar.Start();

  }

}


           
          

   

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy

Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example5_2.cs illustrates how to assign default values 
  to fields using initializers
*/


// declare the Car class
class Car
{

  // declare the fields
  public string make = "Ford";
  public string model = "T";
  public string color;  // default value of null
  public int yearBuilt = 1910;

  // define the methods
  public void Start()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine(model + " started");
  }

  public void Stop()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine(model + " stopped");
  }

}


public class Example5_2
{

  public static void Main()
  {

    // create a Car object
    Car myCar = new Car();

    // display the default values for the Car object fields
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.model = " + myCar.model);
    if (myCar.color == null)
    {
      System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.color is null");
    }
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.yearBuilt = " + myCar.yearBuilt);

  }

}


           
          

   

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy

Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/

/*
  Example5_1.cs illustrates how to declare
  classes, object references, and create objects
*/


// declare the Car class
class Car
{

  // declare the fields
  public string make;
  public string model;
  public string color;
  public int yearBuilt;

  // define the methods
  public void Start()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine(model + " started");
  }

  public void Stop()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine(model + " stopped");
  }

}


public class Example5_1
{

  public static void Main()
  {

    // declare a Car object reference named myCar
    Car myCar;

    // create a Car object, and assign its address to myCar
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating a Car object and assigning " +
      "its memory location to myCar");
    myCar = new Car();

    // assign values to the Car object's fields using myCar
    myCar.make = "Toyota";
    myCar.model = "MR2";
    myCar.color = "black";
    myCar.yearBuilt = 1995;

    // display the field values using myCar
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar details:");
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.model = " + myCar.model);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.color = " + myCar.color);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.yearBuilt = " + myCar.yearBuilt);

    // call the methods using myCar
    myCar.Start();
    myCar.Stop();

    // declare another Car object reference and
    // create another Car object
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating another Car object and " +
      "assigning its memory location to redPorsche");
    Car redPorsche = new Car();
    redPorsche.make = "Porsche";
    redPorsche.model = "Boxster";
    redPorsche.color = "red";
    redPorsche.yearBuilt = 2000;
    System.Console.WriteLine("redPorsche is a " + redPorsche.model);

    // change the object referenced by the myCar object reference
    // to the object referenced by redPorshe
    System.Console.WriteLine("Assigning redPorsche to myCar");
    myCar = redPorsche;
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar details:");
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.make = " + myCar.make);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.model = " + myCar.model);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.color = " + myCar.color);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myCar.yearBuilt = " + myCar.yearBuilt);

    // assign null to myCar (myCar will no longer reference an object)
    myCar = null;

  }

}

           
          

   

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 

Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/
using System; 
 
class Rect { 
  public int width; 
  public int height; 
 
  public Rect(int w, int h) { 
    width = w; 
    height = h; 
  } 
 
  public int area() { 
    return width * height; 
  } 
} 
  
public class UseRect { 
  public static void Main() {   
    Rect r1 = new Rect(4, 5); 
    Rect r2 = new Rect(7, 9); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("Area of r1: " + r1.area()); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("Area of r2: " + r2.area()); 
 
  } 
}