Sure – md5sum directory/*
If you need something a little more flexible (say, for directory recursion or hash comparison), try md5deep.
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apt-get install md5deep md5deep -r directory |
To compare a directory structure, you can give it a list of hashes to compare against:
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md5deep -r -s /directory1 > dir1hashes md5deep -r -X dir1hashes /directory2 |
This will output all of the files in directory2 that do not match to directory1.
This will not show files that have been removed from directory1 or files that have been added to directory2.